

So LFOs are below the human hearing range – if we plugged one into a speaker you might feel some change in air pressure or hear a click, but as an oscillator it’s inaudible. This range is sub-sonic, sub meaning below and sonic meaning audible.

LFO stands for Low Frequency Oscillator, and would ordinarily function between about 0.01 Hz and 20 Hz. It’s been around for years to transmit radio signals. As a concept, I struggled with it for years until I had a eureka moment – I was unsure how it different from standard pitch modulation. The term FM is probably (or at least until not that long ago) a household term which you would have come across through radio (see also AM, or Amplitude Modulation). So without further ado, let’s start with some background… Frequency Modulation Yes, it’s not a walk in the park to program compared to standard subtractive synthesisers, but it’s capable of producing the same detailed timbre sounds as its forefathers, and going further in the process.
